Hukum Akad Nikah Online dalam Perspektif Keputusan Ijtima’ Ulama Komisi Fatwa MUI Se-Indonesia VII Tahun 2021

Abstract

The development of information technology has encouraged the emergence of online marriage contract practices which have caused debate among the public and scholars regarding their validity according to Islamic law. This study aims to analyze the legal views on online marriage contracts based on the Decree of the VII Indonesian MUI Fatwa Commission's Ijtima' Ulama in 2021. Using qualitative research methods and a normative-sharia approach, this study examines the criteria for the validity of online marriage contracts according to the perspective of the MUI fatwa, including the principle of ittihad al-majelis (unity of the assembly), clear shighat (phrasing) of ijab and qabul, and continuity of time (ittishal) between ijab and qabul. The results of the study indicate that online marriage contracts can be considered valid if they strictly meet these requirements, although this practice is still considered less than ideal from the perspective of muamalah fiqh. These findings are expected to be a reference for religious authorities and the public in understanding the limitations of sharia related to the digitalization of marriage.