Efektivitas Penyaluran Zakat Produktif dalam Pemberdayaan UMKM di Indonesia Perspektif Fikih dan Manajemen Zakat

Abstract

Zakat is an Islamic economic instrument that functions not only as a form of worship but also as a means of economic empowerment for society. One form of zakat utilization that has developed in Indonesia is productive zakat, which is distributed to support the business activities of beneficiaries (mustahik), particularly in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of productive zakat distribution in empowering MSMEs in Indonesia from the perspectives of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and zakat management. The research employs a library research method with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected from various sources, including books, scientific journals, legislation, and other relevant references. The findings indicate that productive zakat has a strong foundation in Islamic jurisprudence as it aligns with the objectives of Islamic law in improving the welfare of beneficiaries. From the perspective of zakat management, the effectiveness of productive zakat programs is influenced by planning, implementation, mentoring, and supervision conducted by zakat management institutions. Although several challenges remain, productive zakat has proven capable of increasing beneficiaries’ income and economic independence when managed effectively. Therefore, strengthening the management of productive zakat is necessary to achieve sustainable community economic empowerment.